After spending two months abstaining from worldly comforts and eating specially prepared foods, he traveled to Maihar in central India to seek more lessons from Khan.
Khan conducted his school like an ashram, requiring his pupils to approach their instrument as a spiritual exercise and to honor him as their guru. Khan and Shankar became very close during the seven years that Shankar studied in Maihar. Shankar married Khan's daughter, Annapurna, in , and they had a son, Shubho, in Khan's son, Ali Akbar Khan, became a world-renowned musician and a frequent collaborator and touring partner with Shankar.
He organized and composed music for Vadya Vrinda, the National Orchestra, which is credited with expanding the possibilities of Indian orchestral music. He also composed film scores for Satyajit Ray's acclaimed Apu trilogy. He conducted a solo tour of Europe and America in Recognition for Shankar's music increased in the s, and he began seeking ways to integrate Indian music with Western musical forms.
In , he released the jazz-influenced album Improvisations with Bud Shank. He also instructed horn player Don Ellis and jazz saxophonist John Coltrane in Indian music, leading to Coltrane's modal experimentation on several groundbreaking jazz albums of the s. In , Shankar met and became friends with George Harrison, the guitarist of the Beatles.
Harrison's interest in Eastern religions had led him to Indian music. Harrison, in turn, introduced the band's producer, George Martin, and the other Beatles to Indian music. From the age of 12, he performed as a musician and dancer on tour in Europe and America with his brother Uday Shankar, and in had his first concert as soloist at a music conference in Allahabad.
By Shankar's reputation as the leading performer of traditional Hindustani music on the sitar had coalesced. He began to branch out as a composer, writing music for ballet and for important films such as such as Dharti Ke Lal and Neecha Nagar.
He also composed the song Sare Jahan Se Accha, which is one of the most widely known piece of music in India. During the years Shankar composed some of his most famous music, most notably in the internationally-acclaimed film studios of Calcutta, where he scored The Ray Triology. For his outstanding contribution to Indian music and culture, he received his first of five Presidential Awards in , India's highest honor in the arts. In the mids, his preeminence as one of the world's leading serious musicians was augmented with wide popular success.
George Harrison of The Beatles developed a deep, abiding interest in Hindustani music, and began to study with Shankar.
One influence of this study can be heard in his song Within You, Without You. Shankar died in San Diego, California in at the age of Sign In. Edit Ravi Shankar. Showing all 21 items. Taught George Harrison of the Beatles how to play the sitar, an instrument on which he is considered a maestro. That decade saw Shankar's performance at the Monterey Pop Festival, as well as his set at Woodstock in Additionally, in , George Harrison began studying sitar with Shankar and even played the instrument on the Beatles' track "Norwegian Wood.
Shankar's partnership with Harrison proved to be even more significant years later. In , Bangladesh became a hotbed of armed conflict between Indian and Muslim Pakistani forces. Along with the issues of violence, the country was inundated with ferocious flooding.
Seeing the famine and hardship faced by the country's civilians, Shankar and Harrison organized the Concert for Bangladesh. Proceeds from the show, which is largely considered to be the first major modern charity concert, went to the aid organization UNICEF to help Bangladeshi refugees. Additionally, the recording made for the benefit by the performing artists won the Grammy Award for album of the year.
From the s to the early 21st century, Shankar's fame, recognition and achievement continued to grow steadily. In , his score for Richard Attenborough's film Gandhi earned him an Oscar nomination.
In , Shankar experimented with adding electronic music to his traditional sound, sparking music's New Age movement. All the while, he continued to compose orchestral music blending Western and Indian instrumentation, including a collaboration with Philip Glass : the album Passages. Throughout his career, Shankar received criticism for not being a classical purist from some Indian traditionalists.
In response, the musician once said, "I have experimented with non-Indian instruments, even electronic gadgets. But all my experiences were based on Indian ragas. When people discuss tradition, they don't know what they are talking about. Over centuries, classical music has undergone addition, beautification, and improvement—always sticking to its traditional basis. Today, the difference is that the changes are faster.
Shankar won many awards and honors throughout his career, including 14 honorary degrees, three Grammy Awards he received two posthumous Grammys as well and a membership to the American Academy of Arts and Letters.
Shankar died on December 11, , in San Diego, California, at the age of The musician had reportedly suffered from upper respiratory and heart ailments throughout , and had undergone surgery to replace a heart valve in the days leading up to his death.
Shankar was survived by two daughters, who are also musicians, sitar player Anoushka Shankar and Grammy Award—winning singer-songwriter Norah Jones. Known fondly today as the "godfather of world music," Shankar is remembered for using his wealth of talent to infuse Indian culture into the world's forever-growing music scene, and is largely credited with building a large following for Eastern music in the West.
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