How long did oliver cromwell reign

This meant fair and efficient government for all. November Cromwell introduced excise a tax on all goods bought and sold. This was not approved by Parliament. January Cromwell dismissed his first Parliament and ruled without Parliament. August Cromwell put Britain under military rule. He appointed eleven Major Generals to rule the country. This approach was unsuccessful and unpopular. January Cromwell agreed to end the system of Major Generals.

Cromwell refused the crown, but was confirmed as Lord Protector. February Cromwell dismissed Parliament after more disputes with MPs.

This resulted in the end of the Civil War with a Parliamentary victory at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September and the introduction of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland. Cromwell was appointment to Lord General, effectively commander in chief, of the parliamentary armed forces in In December , Cromwell became Lord Protector, a role in which he remained until his death five years later.

Co-incidentally this was also the anniversary of his victories at Worcester and the Scottish town of Dunbar during the Scottish campaign of However, Richard lacked the political and military power of his father and his forced resignation in May effectively ended the Protectorate. The lack of a clear Commonwealth leadership lead to the restoration of Parliament and the monarchy in under Charles II.

This symbolic date was chosen to coincide with the execution of Charles I twelve years previously. The three bodies were hung from the Tyburn gallows in chains before being beheaded at sunset.

The bodies were then thrown in a common grave and the heads were displayed on a twenty foot spike at Westminster Hall, where they remained until when a storm caused the spike to break, tossing the heads to the ground below.

On his deathbed, he bequeathed the relic to his daughter. For many years the head passed through numerous hands, the value increasing with each transaction until a Dr. Wilkinson bought it. It was given a dignified burial in a secret place in the college grounds. Despite his death over years ago, to this day Cromwell continues to provoke a strong reaction following his significant role in a dramatic and troubled period of British history.

To solve this problem, the army as the most powerful group took control and declared Cromwell Lord Protector. The title was to suggest he was not a king but in reality he ruled as such. As Protector , Cromwell could not agree with his Parliaments and he dismissed them both. Instead, he ruled the country through his major-generals, which meant that England virtually became a military dictatorship. He allowed greater religious freedom for Protestants, but introduced a string of 'moral' laws to 'improve' people's behaviour which banned the theatre and bear-baiting, and forbade people to drink or celebrate Christmas, among other things.

Cromwell increased the navy, which defeated the Dutch and captured Jamaica from the Spanish.